Madzi Oyenda Mwayekha Malo Okhazikika a LJS Mtundu wa Madzi Oyenda Mulingo Wokhazikika Malo Okhazikika a Gravimetric Njira + Njira Yosasunthika ya Volumetric + Njira ya Master mita
1. Kufotokozera
Mtundu wa LJS Water Flow Standard Facility (omwe tsopano akutchedwa Malo) ndi chida chapadera choyezera chomwe chimafunidwa ndi malamulo adziko lonse otsimikizira za metrological. Amagwiritsa ntchito masikelo amagetsi olondola kwambiri (muyezo woyamba), miyeso yachitsulo yokhazikika (muyezo woyamba), ndi mita yoyendera (yachiwiri) ngati zida zolozera. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyera ngati sing'anga yowerengera, komanso kutengera malamulo otsimikizira dziko lonse komanso zofunikira zoyezera mita yomwe ikuyesedwa (MUT), imatsimikizira mosalekeza, kuwongolera, ndikuyesa ma mayendedwe a MUT mkati mwanthawi yofanana. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi dipatimenti yoyang'anira zaukadaulo kudziko lonse potsimikizira zida zovomerezeka koyamba komanso nthawi ndi nthawi, komanso kuweruza milandu ndi anthu. Imagwiranso ntchito ngati mulingo wamkati wamafakitale monga petroleum ndi mankhwala, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuyezetsa kwanzeru pakufufuza kwasayansi, kuyang'anira ukadaulo wa metrology, komanso kupanga mita yothamanga, yopereka kukhazikika kotakata komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuwonetsetsa kulondola kwa kusamutsidwa kwamtengo pakugwira ntchito yoyesa komanso kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso cha akatswiri otsimikizira za metrological ya ogwira ntchito, ndondomeko yophunzitsira iyi idapangidwa mwapadera. Ogwira ntchito yokonza malowa akuyembekezeka kuitenga mozama, kuphunzira mwachangu, ndikuchita bwino maphunzirowa.
Malowa amaphatikiza njira zingapo zoyezera: Static Gravimetric Method, Static Volumetric Method, ndi Master Meter Method. Njira yophatikizira iyi yamitundu yambiri imapangitsa kuti malowa azikhala bwino komanso anzeru, ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale kusanja kwapaintaneti kapena kutsimikizira ma mita oyenda, komanso kuwongolera kapena kutsimikizira ma mita osiyanasiyana oyenda madzi.
Njira ya Static Gravimetric imagwiritsa ntchito sikelo yamagetsi yolondola kwambiri ngati kalozera. Imatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa madzi othamanga poyesa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe akuyenda mu chidebe choyezera mkati mwa nthawi yoikidwiratu ndikufanizira ndi kutuluka kwa misala yowerengedwa kuchokera ku MUT, potero kudziwa kulondola ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa MUT. Miyeso yamagetsi imapereka mwatsatanetsatane kwambiri; njira iyi ikhoza kukwaniritsa ± 0.05% yolondola ndipo imakhala ndi ubwino monga gwero la kuthamanga kwa nthawi zonse, kuyenda kosasunthika, ndi kulondola kwapamwamba.
Njira ya Static Volumetric Method imagwiritsa ntchito muyeso wachitsulo wokhazikika ngati kalozera. Poyerekeza ndi Static Gravimetric Method, imakhalanso ndi gwero la kuthamanga kosalekeza, kuyenda kosasunthika, ndi kulondola kwapamwamba. Komabe, kuti muzindikire kutuluka kwakukulu, Njira ya Static Volumetric Method imafuna miyeso yambiri yachitsulo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi. Kupanga miyeso yokhazikika yachitsulo kumakhala kovuta, nthawi yowongolera ndiyotalikirapo, ndipo kulondola kopitilira muyeso ndi ± 0.1%.
Njira ya Master Meter imagwiritsa ntchito mita yolondola kwambiri ngati chida chowunikira kuyesa MUT. Mamita omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito molunjika kwambiri amatha kukwaniritsa kulondola kwa ± 0.2%. Pakuyesa mita yoyendera wamba, njira yotsimikizira iyi ndiyosavuta, yosavuta, komanso ndiyotsika mtengo.
Njira yokhazikitsira mphamvu ya malowa imaphatikiza kukhazikika kwa chotengera komanso kuwongolera ma frequency drive (VFD). Poyang'anira liwiro la VFD kuti liwongolere kuthamanga kwa mpope, kutuluka kwa sing'anga ya calibration kumakhazikika. Kukhazikika kwina ndi kukhazikika kwa chotengera kumawongolera kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwapakati mkati mwa 0.2%. Kuwongolera kwamachitidwe kumaphatikiza ma mavavu owongolera ndi kuwongolera kwapampu ya VFD, kukumana ndi zoyendera zoyendera ma diameter osiyanasiyana ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi.
Malo onsewa amawongoleredwa ndi makina apakompyuta ophatikizidwa ndi ntchito yamanja. Imathandizira kuwongolera zokha ndikupeza deta pamalo onse, monga kuwerengera sikelo yamagetsi, kuwerengera muyeso, kuwerengera kwa mita yoyendera, kuwerengera kwa MUT, kuwongolera kwa diverter, transmitter, transmitter kutentha, valavu yowongolera mafunde, ndi kuwongolera kwa VFD ndikupeza deta. Itha kuchita yokha mfundo imodzi, mfundo zitatu, mfundo zisanu, ndi masanjidwe amitundu yambiri, yokhala ndi ntchito zosungira zodziwikiratu, kufunsa, kusindikiza zotsatira zoyeserera, ndi ziphaso zoyeserera. Njira yokhazikitsira kupanikizika imagwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera kwa VFD ndikukhazikitsa njira zotengera zotengera malinga ndi kuchuluka kwamayendedwe. Dongosolo la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka zachuma kamwebumwemwemwemwemwedwedwedwedwedwe kapanganinganidwe yingali likukhukulingaku kukhazikitserekwaniritsidwe ndikwa?
Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusankha njira yosinthira kutengera mtundu wa mita yomwe ikuyenera kuyesedwa, malire a malo, momwe chuma chikuyendera, ndi zina zambiri, kapena kuphatikiza njira zingapo zomangira malo ofananirako.
Mapangidwe a malo amayenderana ndi miyezo ya dziko, malamulo, ndi mafotokozedwe:
● JJG 164-2000 Liquid Flow Standard Facility
● JJG 643-2024 Master Method Flow Standard Facility
● JJG 162-2019 Cold Potable Water Meters
● JJG 257-2007 Float Flowmeters
● JJG 640-2016 Differential Pressure Flowmeters
● JJG 667-2010 Mayendedwe a Liquid Positive Displacement Flowmeters
● JJG 1029-2007 Vortex Flowmeters
● JJG 1030-2007 Ultrasonic Flowmeters
● JJG 1033-2007 Electromagnetic Flowmeters
● JJG 1037-2008 Turbine Flowmeters
●JJG 1038-2008 Coriolis Mass Flowmeters
2. Nkhani Yaikulu
2.1 Zigawo Zazikulu Zaukadaulo
2.1.1Njira zoyezera: Njira ya Static Gravimetric + Static Volumetric Method + Master Method Method.
2.1.2Kusatsimikizika Kwakulitsidwa kwa Malo:
* Njira ya Static Gravimetric: 0.05% (*k*=2) Sikelo yotsimikizira sikelo yamagetsi e=1/6000;
* Njira Yosasunthika ya Volumetric: 0.2% (*k*=2) Muyezo wanthawi zonse wogwirira ntchito wovomerezeka: ≤± 0.5×10⁻³; ngati Class II miyeso yachitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito, Static Volumetric Method ikhoza kukhala 0.15% (* k * = 2);
* Master Meter Method: 0.3% (*k*=2) Kusatsimikizika kwa mita yoyendera 0.2% (*k*=2).
2.1.3Kukhazikika kwakuyenda: ≤0.2%.
2.1.4Mayendedwe: (0.02 ~ 5000) m³/h (kapena masinthidwe osankhidwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito).
2.1.5Zofotokozera za MUT: Diameter DN4 ~ DN600 (kapena mainchesi odziwika ndi ogwiritsa ntchito).
2.1.6Malo Oyesera Ma Calibration: Magulu angapo amatha kukhazikitsidwa, ndi mapaipi oyesa ofananira. Standard calibration station diameters ndi DN25, DN50, DN80, DN100, DN150, DN200, DN300, DN400, DN500, DN600. Mamita ena othamanga amatha kusinthidwa posintha mapaipi.
2.1.7Mitundu ya MUTs: Turbine flow meters, vortex flow metres, electromagnetic flow metres, ultrasonic flow metres, velocity flow metres, mita ya kuthamanga kosiyana, mita yotulutsa madzi abwino, Coriolis mass flow metres, etc.
2.1.8Zizindikiro za MUT: Chizindikiro cha Pulse (Frequency), panopa (4 ~ 20) mA, RS485 digito kulankhulana, palibe chizindikiro (kuwerenga mwachindunji), ndi zina zotero.
2.1.9Calibration Medium: Madzi oyera.
2.1.10Kupanikizika Kwantchito: (0.2 ~ 1.0) MPa (malinga ndi zofunikira za ogwiritsa ntchito).
2.1.11Magetsi Operekedwa: DC (5V, 12V, 24V)/1A, AC220V/10A.
2.1.12Njira Yowongolera:
Panthawi ya calibration, malowa amagwira ntchito pansi pa ulamuliro wodziwikiratu. Pambuyo pa ntchito zofunikira pamanja (kukweza MUT, kutsegula / kutseka ma valve), ntchito zotsalira zotsalira zimamalizidwa ndi makompyuta.
2.1.13Zipangizo:
Magawo omwe amalumikizana ndi sing'anga yoyesera amapangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri 304. Zigawo zina zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha carbon ndi mapeto ojambulidwa.
2.1.14Malo a Laboratory Facility (Operekedwa ndi Wogwiritsa):
Malo onsewa amayalidwa bwino kuti asunge malo ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za labotale.
2.1.15Chivomerezo cha Malo:
Kuvomereza komaliza kwa malo onse kumachitidwa ndi bungwe lovomerezeka la malamulo la dziko losankhidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Adzayang'ana, kuwunika, ndikupereka lipoti lotsimikizira/kuyesa (satifiketi). Lipotili (satifiketi) limagwira ntchito ngati chikalata chachikulu chovomerezeka.
Magawo ena oyezera mkati mwa malowa, kuphatikiza masikelo amagetsi, miyeso yachitsulo yokhazikika, ma flow flow meters, ma pressure transmitters, ma transmitters a kutentha, zowerengera nthawi, ndi zina zotero, adzapatsidwa malipoti otsimikizira/kuyesa (masatifiketi) operekedwa ndi mabungwe am'chigawo ovomerezeka a metrology atawunika.
2.2 Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Static Gravimetric Method pakuwongolera, sikelo yamagetsi ndizomwe zimatchulidwa. Mkati mwa nthawi yoikika yomweyi, kuchuluka kwa sing'anga yoyezera kumayenda kudzera mu MUT kumayerekezedwa ndi kuchuluka komwe kuyezedwa ndi sikelo yamagetsi (kapena kuchuluka kwa kuyenda kowerengedwa kuchokera pa nthawi yoikika), kutsimikizira kulondola kwa MUT ndi kubwerezabwereza.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Static Volumetric Method pakuwongolera mita yoyenda, MUT ndi muyeso wokhazikika wogwirira ntchito zimayendetsedwa mogwirizana. Mkati mwa nthawi yoikidwiratu yomweyi, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu kupyola mu MUT (kapena kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yowerengedwera kuchokera pa nthawi yoikidwiratu) kumayerekezedwa ndi voliyumu yoyesedwa motsatira muyeso wanthawi zonse wogwirira ntchito, kutsimikizira kulondola kwa metrological ndi kubwerezabwereza kwa MUT.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito Master Meter Method pakuwongolera, sing'anga yoyezera imayenda mosalekeza kupyola mu MUT ndi master mita. Master mita imagwira ntchito ngati chiwongolero, cholumikizidwa mumndandanda ndi MUT pofananiza ma metrological, kudziwa kulondola kwa MUT komanso kubwerezabwereza.
2.3 Njira Yoyenda
Sing'anga yoyesera imayenda kuchokera ku tanki yamadzi, kudzera pagulu la mpope, chotengera chokhazikika, chowongolera mpweya / zosefera, mapaipi owongolera, gulu loyendera mita, gulu loyendetsa ma valve, diverter, kulowa mu chidebe choyezera. Pambuyo kuyeza ndi sikelo yamagetsi (kapena muyezo wachitsulo), imabwereranso ku thanki yamadzi. Kuyenda kwadongosolo kumatsimikiziridwa ndikuyeza madzi omwe akuyenda mu chidebe choyezera (kapena kuyeza kuchuluka kwa muyeso wachitsulo).
Kwezani MUT papaipi yoyeserera yofananira. Yambitsani njira yosungiramo madzi yozungulira yozungulira komanso dongosolo lokhazikika. Sinthani kutseguka kwa ma valve owongolera, kuthamanga kwapakati, ndi kuthamanga kwa mapaipi kuti afike ndikukhazikika pamlingo wofunikira wowongolera. Sing'anga yoyesera imayenda kudzera mu MUT ndi njira yogwirira ntchito (sikelo yamagetsi, muyeso wachitsulo wokhazikika, mita yoyendera). Gwiritsirani ntchito MUT ndikuyenda mulingo wogwirira ntchito mogwirizana, yerekezerani zotuluka zawo kuti muwone kulondola kwa metrological ya MUT ndi kubwerezabwereza. Makhalidwe omwe amasonkhanitsidwa molumikizana ndi ma MUT amalowa mukompyuta kuti akonzere deta. Kutengera njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira, njira yowongolera imatulutsa ma siginecha osiyanasiyana monga momwe amafunikira kuti abweretse sing'anga yoyeserera pamlingo wothamanga wa malo ena oyeserera. Bwerezani ntchito yomwe ili pamwambapa mpaka malo onse oyenda asinthidwa. Pomaliza, werengerani zotsatira zoyeserera potengera malamulo otsimikizira, zisungeni, ndikusindikiza malipoti ndi ziphaso.
2.4 Mapangidwe a Malo
2.4.1Kuzungulira kwa Madzi osungira ndi Kukhazikika
Wopangidwa ndi thanki yamadzi, pampu (s), VFD system, stabilizing chombo, air eliminator/sefa, mapaipi olumikizira, ma valve olowera pachipata, ma valve owunika, ndi zolumikizira zosinthika, ndi zina zambiri.
A. Mapampu Amphamvu
Mapampu osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, otsika pang'ono, otsika phokoso a centrifugal amasankhidwa. Amakwaniritsa zonse zomwe zikuyenda zomwe zimafunikira ndi mapaipi owongolera a malowo ndipo amaphatikiza mfundo zakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi komanso chuma chokwanira potsatira malamulo oyendetsera misonkhano. Mapampu angapo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana kapena pampu imodzi imatha kuyendetsedwa paokha ndi VFD kuti ikwaniritse kuchuluka kwa mapaipi owongolera.
Mutu wapampu umasankhidwa moyenerera kutengera kugunda kwa mapaipi owerengetsera ndi kuwonongeka kwanuko kuchokera ku mpope kupita ku potulutsa mapaipi, kuphatikiza kutalika kuchokera pansi pa tanki kupita pamphuno yopatulira ndi chitoliro chobwezera, kutayika kwa pampu, komanso kukakamizidwa kwa ntchito kuti muwunike. Kuthamanga kwa pampu kumagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zapakatikati.
Mapampu amapangidwa ndikupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yamakono yabwino kwambiri ya hydraulic, yokhala ndi ma spiral casings, kuyamwa kopingasa, kutulutsa koyima, ndi ma diameter omwewo. Kulumikizana kwa ma mota molunjika kumatsimikizira ma shafts okhazikika, kugwira ntchito kokhazikika komanso kodalirika, kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwapampu potulutsa ndi kutsika kochepa komanso kusinthasintha kwamayendedwe, kuwongolera kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera.
Njira zochepetsera kugwedezeka ndi kudzipatula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyika pampu. Zolumikizira zosinthika zimayikidwa polowera / potuluka kuti muchepetse kugwedezeka. Ma valve otsekera pang'onopang'ono amaikidwa pamapaipi otuluka kuti ateteze kubwerera m'mbuyo, ndi njira zochepetsera kuthamanga kuti athetse nyundo yamadzi. Ma motors amagwira ntchito moyenera mphamvu ndi chitetezo chopitilira apo / cholemetsa. Mutu woyamwa wabwino umagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kulowetsa mpweya komanso zovuta zoyambitsa.
B. Chombo Chokhazikika
Njira yokhazikitsira kupanikizika kwa malowa ndi kukhazikika kwa zombo + VFD regulation, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muchepetse kusinthasintha kwakuyenda ndi kupanikizika pakuzindikira. Amapereka kupanikizika kosasunthika kwa dongosolo, amachotsa kuthamanga kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi mafunde ogwedezeka kuchokera ku mapampu, ndipo amachotsa thovu lomwe limalowa mu calibration medium. Kukhazikika kwa chotengera chokhazikika, kusungitsa, ndikuyamwa kugunda kwamadzimadzi, kuwonetsetsa kuti kusinthasintha kwamphamvu kwamadzimadzi kumakhalabe kokhazikika mkati mwa 0.2%, kupangitsa madzimadzi mu payipi yoyezera kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zakuyenda kosalekeza kwa gawo limodzi.
Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kusinthasintha kwapampu, mtengo wokhazikika wa chotengera, ndi ma diameter a chotengera / chotuluka, amawerengera kuti aziyenda kwambiri kuti apange mphamvu yopangira chotengera, kuchuluka kwake, komanso kuthamanga kwambiri mwadzina. Zinthu zakuthupi zitha kukhala 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chitsulo cha carbon.
Chombocho chili ndi chopinga chimodzi choyimirira, zopinga zitatu zopingasa zopingasa zokhala ndi ma gridi opindika. Chisokonezo choyima chimagawaniza chombocho kukhala zipinda zolowera ndi zotuluka. Sing'anga imalowa, imayenda m'mwamba / pansi chifukwa cha chipwirikiti ndi buffer, chipwirikiti chimachepetsedwanso ndi zopingasa zopingasa ndi mpweya wakumtunda, kenako kulowa muchipinda chotulutsiramo kudzera kusefukira mu chitoliro. Izi zimayamwa bwino ndi kubisa mafunde othamanga kwambiri, ndikuchotsa kupopera kopangidwa ndi mpope, kukhala ngati chokhazikika komanso chotsitsa. Kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwadongosolo kumatetezedwa ndi kukulitsa / kutsika kwapamtunda kwa mpweya pamwamba pa chotengeracho.
Kupanga ndi kupanga kumagwirizana ndi GB150-2011 "Ziwiya Zopanikizika" ndi "Pressure Vessel Safety Technology Supervision Regulations". Flanges kutsatira GB150-2011 ndi GB/T 9112 ~ 9124-2010 "Zitsulo Pipe Flanges". Zolemba zonse zachitetezo zimaperekedwa (chiphatso chopanga, satifiketi yaubwino, satifiketi yoyang'anira zida zapadera, mafayilo opangira, zolemba zoyika / kukonza).
Zida zopangira chotengera zimaphatikizirapo kukakamiza, valavu yotulutsa, valavu yodzaza ndi masika, mapaipi, ndi zolumikizira.
C. VFD System
Malowa ali ndi makina a VFD amodzi ndi amodzi. Ntchito zake: 1) Pewani kukhudzidwa kwa gridi panthawi yakusintha kwamagetsi, 2) Onetsetsani kuti mapampu akugwira ntchito nthawi zonse pansi pa VFD kuti muzitha kuyendetsa bwino kayendetsedwe kake komanso kupulumutsa mphamvu. Dongosololi makamaka limapangidwa ndi kabati yoyambira, VFD, zingwe zolumikizira, ndi zina. VFD imodzi imayendetsa pampu imodzi yamagalimoto (kuthamanga kwabwino kwambiri: 35Hz ~ 50Hz). Kuwongolera kwa PID kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwongolera kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga. Ma VFD amaikidwa m'makabati okhala ndi ntchito zakumalo / zadzidzidzi, zowongolera pamanja, ndi zowongolera pakompyuta. Pachitetezo, ma relay otenthetsera amawonjezedwa mkati mwa makabati kuti atetezedwe mopitilira apo / mochulukira.
Panthawi yogwira ntchito, VFD-controlled pump motors supplement flow ranges yosatheka ndi mapampu okhazikika. Kugwira ntchito kwa VFD kuyenera kupewa malire ocheperako kuti ateteze madera omwe anamwalira komanso malamulo osatsata mzere. Kuyenda kokhazikika kupyola mu MUT kumafuna kusiyana kokhazikika kwapakatikati. Kuwongolera kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwa mtsinje ndikofunikira kuti pakhale bata. Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa VFD kumagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu a PID; mphamvu yake mwachindunji imatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito. Kukonzekera kungakhale motere:
Gwiritsani ntchito PLC monga wowongolera (mfundo yomwe ili pansipa). Ubwino: kuyankha mwachangu, kumagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms owongolera a opanga VFD, kumapangitsa kudalirika kwamalamulo.
Kutumiza kwamafuta mu nduna ya VFD kumapereka chitetezo chopitilira apo / chodzaza. Ma VFD amagwiranso ntchito ngati zoyambira zofewa, kuteteza mapampu bwino.
D. Air Eliminator/Sefa
Poganizira kuti njira yoyezera ndi njira yotseguka, sing'anga yoyesera imatha kupanga zonyansa ndi thovu panthawi yozindikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zolakwika zoyezera komanso kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike pamamita oyendera a MUT. Zoyezera mpweya / zosefera zoyezera bwino zimayikidwa pamalo otulutsira sitima yokhazikika kuti alekanitse ndikuchotsa mpweya ndi zonyansa papaipi, kuwonetsetsa kuti malowo akuyenda bwino.
Pangani moyenerera mafotokozedwe, kuchuluka kwake, komanso kukakamizidwa kopambana mwadzina. Kapangidwe ka chipolopolo cha cylindrical chokhala ndi valavu yolowera pamwamba, valavu yothira pansi, katiriji yosefera yamkati, malo osonkhanitsira mpweya, mbale yonyowa, chophimba chofiyira. Zinthu zolumikizana ndi sing'anga: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri; mbali zina: utoto wa carbon steel.
2.4.2Metrology Standard System
Dongosolo la metrological standard la malowa limagwiritsa ntchito:
* Masikelo amagetsi olondola kwambiri monga momwe amafotokozera za Gravimetric Method.
* Miyezo yokhazikika yogwirira ntchito ngati kalozera wa Volumetric Method.
* Standard flow meters monga katchulidwe ka Master Meter Method.
Amapangidwa makamaka ndi mavavu otseka, ma valve oyendetsa otaya, diverter, chidebe choyezera, sikelo yolondola kwambiri yamagetsi (kapena muyeso wachitsulo), kupopera kwapaipi, ndi zina zambiri.
A. Gravimetric Weighing System (Electronic Scales)
Dongosololi limathandizira kuwerengetsa kwa MUTs pa max ndi min flow point. Njira zoyezera mosiyanasiyana (mamba) zitha kusankhidwa potengera kuchuluka kwakuyenda.
Chitsanzo: Makina anayi oyezera amakwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezera:
* Gulu 1: 12000kg sikelo, 12000L masekeli chidebe, DN300 diverter, backpressure line.
* Gulu 2: 3000kg sikelo, 3000L masekeli chidebe, DN100 diverter, backpressure mzere.
* Gulu 3: 600kg sikelo, 600L masekeli chidebe, DN50 diverter, backpressure mzere.
* Gulu 4: 120kg sikelo, 120L masekeli chidebe, DN25 diverter, backpressure mzere.
Scale nsanja imakhala ndi kulemera kwa thupi ndi chimango, yokhala ndi chitetezo chodzaza kachipangizo, mawonekedwe olumikizirana okhazikika (mwachitsanzo, RS232/RS485), olumikizidwa ndi chiwonetsero chakumaloko kapena dongosolo lowongolera, lokhala ndi ntchito yodziwikiratu.
B. Chidebe Choyezera
Zotengera zoyezera zimakhala ndi sing'anga yoyesera panthawi ya Gravimetric calibration. Kapangidwe: chidebe chozungulira chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chofanana ndi kukula kwa nsanja. Makulidwe a khoma amakwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezera ndi mphamvu, kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe kusintha pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kwanthawi yayitali.
Chitsanzo: Zotengera zinayi: 12000L, 3000L, 600L, 120L. Kukhetsa nthawi pazotengera zonse ≤40s.
Zokhala ndi sensa ya mulingo, valavu yothira, chitoliro chopopera, ndi zina zambiri, zokhala ndi ntchito ngati kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa madzi, ma alarm opitilira malire, kudzaza kwa anti-splash, ndi kukhetsa mwachangu. Kupanga kumaganizira za danga ndi mphamvu: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chozungulira, gululi wowongolera oyenda pamwamba, chitoliro chapansi / valve; mkati mtanda woboola pakati kagawo olowa stabilizers welded mofanana kuthetsa thovu ndi kuzungulira chifukwa cha kusinthasintha otaya, kupereka kuchotsa mpweya ndi otaya bata. zakuthupi: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
C. Volumetric Measurement System (Standard Working Measures)
Zopangidwa, zopangidwa, ndi zosankhidwa mosamalitsa molingana ndi JJG259-2005 "Verification Regulation of Standard Metal Measures" kuti zitsimikizire kulondola, kukhazikika, ndi kudalirika kwa kayendedwe ka madzi othamanga. Imakhala ndi max, min, ndi mafunde apakati a MUT. Malo oyezera osiyanasiyana (miyezo) amatha kusankhidwa potengera kuchuluka kwamayendedwe.
Chitsanzo: Njira zitatu zogwirira ntchito:
* GBJ-10000L (mtundu wautali umodzi), mtundu wamayendedwe (300~1150) m³/h.
* GBJ-3000L (mtundu wophatikiza: 1000L+2000L), mayendedwe osiyanasiyana (70~300) m³/h.
* GBJ-700L (mtundu wophatikizika: 200L+500L), mtundu wamayendedwe (0.9~70) m³/h.
Miyezo imakhala ndi khosi la gauge, chubu choyezera, sikelo ya khosi, cholozera chapamwamba, thupi la cylindrical, cone yapansi, valavu yokhetsera, maimidwe, ndi zigawo zowongolera. Zofunika kukhudzana ndi madzi: 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
Ma valve otayira ndi pneumatic, okhala ndi magwiridwe antchito osinthika, osindikiza bwino, komanso magwiridwe antchito okhazikika.
D. Diverter
Diverter ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazigawo zamadzimadzi. Imasinthasintha mwachangu njira yoyendetsera madzi, ndikulowetsamo madzi omwe akuyenda kudzera mu MUT kulowa mu chidebe choyezera popanda kudutsa mkati mwa nthawi yofunikira. Ndilo gawo lalikulu pakuwunika kosatsimikizika kwa malo.
Diverter yathu yodzipangira yokha pneumatic open-type diverter imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe otseguka, ntchito yokhazikika, zofunikira zokumana nazo, kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe kuwonda kapena kuthamangitsidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito. Kusinthasintha kwamphamvu pakuyenda panthawi yamasewera pamlingo wothamanga kwambiri ndi mtengo wokhazikika.
Diverter imalumikizidwa limodzi ndi imodzi ndi masikelo (kapena miyeso). Diverter diameter ndi kuchuluka kwake zimapangidwira bwino. Kuchita ndikopepuka, kusuntha kwa axial, kukana kutsika, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, kusiyana pang'ono kwanthawi, kukumana ndi malamulo otsimikizira.
Magawo aukadaulo: Nthawi yosinthira sikisi imodzi ≤200ms, kusiyana kwa nthawi yoyenda ≤20ms, kusatsimikizika 0.02%, kuthamanga kwa mpweya (0.4 ~ 0.6) MPa, zinthu zomwe zimalumikizana ndi sing'anga: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
E. Standard Flow Meters (Master Meters)
Ma electromagnetic flow metres amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati master mita, kalasi yolondola ≤0.2, kubwereza ≤0.06%. Mamita awa amagwiranso ntchito ngati zizindikiritso zowunikira kuthamanga kwanthawi yomweyo panthawi ya Gravimetric calibration. Poyang'anira mayendedwe a master mita nthawi yomweyo, ma frequency a VFD ndi kutsegulidwa kwa ma valve owongolera amasinthidwa kuti akwaniritse kuyenda komwe kumafunikira mupaipi. Mayendedwe oyenda bwino nthawi zambiri amakhala (0.5 ~ 5) m/s, akukwaniritsa zofunikira pakuthamanga kwa malo. Mamita a Master amatha kutsatiridwa pa intaneti kudzera mu njira ya Gravimetric, kuwonetsetsa kutsata kolondola komanso kodalirika kwinaku akuchotsa ntchito yovuta ya disassembly / ressembly pakutsimikizira mita.
2.4.3Calibration Test Pipeline System
Mulinso malo oyesera ma calibration, machulukidwe, ma mayendedwe oyenda, mapaipi opangira, ndi zina zotere, zokhala ndi ma transmitters, ma transmitters otentha, mavavu a mpira wa pneumatic, ma valve oyendetsa magetsi, zida zomangira ma pneumatic mita, ma valve otulutsa mapaipi, ma payipi otulutsa mapaipi, njira zotsuka mapaipi, zida zothandizira mapaipi ndi zida zina za MUT.
A. Malo Oyesera Mayeso
Kutengera momwe tsamba la ogwiritsa ntchito, masiteshoni angapo oyeserera okhazikika amapangidwa moyenera, okonzedwa mbali ndi mbali. Standard station diameters: DN25, DN50, DN80, DN100, DN150, DN200, DN300, DN400, DN500, DN600. Kukula kwina kumatha kusinthidwa posintha mapaipi.
B. Zigawo Zapaipi Zowongoka
Magawo owongolera mapaipi opangidwa ngati 20D kumtunda ndi 5D kumunsi kwa MUT. Magawo okwera / otsika ali ndi malo opopera / kutentha omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira, osindikizidwa bwino, ndikuwongolera kusanja kwa MUT.
Zida: 304 chitoliro chosapanga dzimbiri. Kupatuka kwa makulidwe akunja ndi makulidwe a khoma kumayenderana ndi miyezo ya dziko.
C. Spools
Malowa ali ndi ma spools amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za MUT. Miyezo ya Spool yopangidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za wogwiritsa ntchito. zakuthupi: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
D. Meter Clamping Chipangizo (Zolumikizana Zowonjezera)
Chipangizo cholumikizira ndi chofunikira chothandizira. Malowa amagwiritsa ntchito zida zolumikizira ma cylinder zakunja zoyendetsedwa ndi pneumatically zokhala ndi ntchito yowongolera pamanja. Kapangidwe kameneka kakugonjetsa kubweza kwa mpweya / madzi akutuluka mkati mwa matupi a silinda. Kutalika kwa Stroke kumakhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikugwira ntchito. Diameter ndi kuchuluka kwake kudapangidwa moyenerera pa siteshoni iliyonse yogwirizira MUT.
Kuthamanga mwadzina: 1.6MPa, sitiroko yokhazikika ≥200mm, kuthamanga kwa mpweya (0.4 ~ 0.6)MPa, zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi sing'anga: 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
E. Zotumiza
a. Pressure Transmitter: Kalasi yolondola 0.075, MPE ±0.075%FS, Range (0~1.0)MPa, Output (4~20)mA, Power DC24V. Nthawi zambiri mayunitsi 3 amayikidwa pamapaipi ambiri, kapena otchulidwa papaipi iliyonse.
b. Kutentha kwa Transmitter: Kulondola kalasi 0.2, MPE ± 0.2 ° C, Range (0 ~ 50) ° C, Linanena bungwe (4 ~ 20) mA, Mphamvu DC24V. Nthawi zambiri mayunitsi 3 amayikidwa pamapaipi ambiri, kapena otchulidwa papaipi iliyonse.
F. Mavavu
a. Pneumatic Shut-off Valves
Mavavu otseka mapaipi amagwiritsa ntchito mavavu amphumphu amtundu wa O-odzaza ndi mavavu agulugufe wa pneumatic. Mothandizidwa ndi mpweya woponderezedwa kuti mapaipi atseguke/kutseka mwachangu. Mpira valavu mwadzina kuthamanga 1.6MPa; Kuthamanga kwa gulugufe mwadzina 1.0MPa. Pazofunikira za calibration, valavu imodzi ya mpira wa pneumatic imayikidwa pamwamba pa mita yothamanga, kumtunda kwa diverter, ndi kumtunda / kutsika kwa MUT pa siteshoni iliyonse yoyesera. Vavu imodzi ya gulugufe wa pneumatic imayikidwa pa ngalande ya chotengera chilichonse choyezera. Vavu pachimake zakuthupi: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
b. Mayendedwe Amagetsi Owongolera Mpira Vavu
Oyang'anira master mita othamanga nthawi yomweyo kuti asinthe ma frequency a VFD ndi kutsegulidwa kwa ma valve, kukwaniritsa kuthamanga kofunikira. Amagwiritsa ntchito ma valve amagetsi a V-doko owongolera mpira, kulondola 1%, kuthamanga kwadzina 1.6MPa. Imodzi idayikidwa kunsi kwa payipi iliyonse yayikulu mita. Vavu pachimake zakuthupi: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
c. Mavavu Amanja & Onani Mavavu
Ma valve olowera pachipata amayikidwa pamwamba pa doko lililonse loyamwa pampu kuti adzipatula pakukonza. Yang'anani ma valve omwe amaikidwa kumunsi kwa doko lililonse lotulutsa pampu kuti muteteze mapampu ku nyundo yamadzi panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino. Zida zapakati pa valve: 304 kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Chongani valavu zakuthupi: zonse 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
d. Mavavu Amanja
Ma valve otulutsa, ma valve otsegulira, ndi ma valve owongolera makina amayikidwa papaipi iliyonse. Kuwongolera pamanja. zakuthupi: 304 chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
e. Ngolo Yoyesera Yoyezera
Ngolo yonyamulira yonyamula, yokhazikika, yothandizira, ndi kukwera ma MUT. Mafotokozedwe ndi kuchuluka kwake kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akufuna. Choyimiracho chili ndi makina owonetsetsa kuti mapaipi akhazikika komanso kuchotsa mosavuta MUT. Malo oyikapo opangidwa kuti athe kukhala ndi ma mita akulu akulu apadera.
f. Thandizo la Pipeline
Zothandizira mapaipi ofananira zimaperekedwa pamapaipi onse opangira. Zothandizira zodzipereka zimaperekedwa kwa diverter iliyonse. Zida: chitsulo chojambulidwa cha carbon.
2.4.4Power Air Source System
Amapereka mpweya woponderezedwa wa zigawo za pneumatic mu malo, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito. Zigawo za pneumatic zimagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoyambirira kuti ikhale yotetezeka, yodalirika komanso yokhazikika.
A. Air Compressor
Mpweya wamtundu wa pistoni wosankhidwa kutengera zosowa zenizeni. Ubwino: kudalirika kwakukulu, ntchito yosavuta / kukonza, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, kusinthasintha kwamphamvu, koyenera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito.
B. Thanki Yolandirira Mpweya
Voliyumu yopangidwa moyenerera komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kwadzina kutengera kuchuluka kwa zida zama pneumatic komanso kukakamiza kwawo kugwira ntchito. Zida: chitsulo chojambulidwa cha carbon. Wokhala ndi choyezera kuthamanga, valavu yodzaza ndi masika, valavu yotulutsa mpweya, valavu yopopera, mapaipi, ndi zolumikizira.
Kupanga ndi kupanga kumagwirizana ndi GB150-2011 "Ziwiya Zopanikizika" ndi "Pressure Vessel Safety Technology Supervision Regulations". Zolemba zonse zachitetezo zaperekedwa.
2.4.5Magawo Okhazikika
Zigawo zokhazikika (zigongono, zochepetsera, ma flanges, zomangira, ma gaskets, ndi zina zambiri) zimakhala ndi kukakamiza mwadzina ≥1.0MPa. Zida: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
2.4.6Zigawo za Chitoliro
Magawo a mapaipi amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (304), kuthamanga mwadzina ≥1.0MPa. Mipope ikugwirizana ndi mfundo za dziko. Utali weniweni, kuchuluka kwake, ndi mawonekedwe oyika amakonzedwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe enieni a malo.
2.5 Njira Yoyeserera Ntchito
2.5.1Yatsani kabati yamagetsi, kabati yoyambira ya VFD, kompresa ya mpweya, kabati yowongolera, kompyuta yamafakitale (IPC), etc., motsatana. Tsimikizirani kuyambitsa kwa zida ndikugwira ntchito moyenera.
2.5.2Choyamba, sankhani m'mimba mwake wa payipi yofananira ndi m'mimba mwake wa MUT (onani ma mita awiri osiyana posintha mapaipi). Ikani MUT pa thireyi ya workbench kapena V-stand ya malo oyesera ma calibration. Sinthani makina okweza ma hydraulic a benchi yogwirira ntchito kuti agwirizane kutalika kwapakati ndi kukhazikika kwa MUT ndi payipi yopita kumtunda ndi chipangizo chotsikirapo cha pneumatic extension (clamping). Kenako tsekani makina a hydraulic.
2.5.3Mukayika MUT, yambitsani chipangizo cha pneumatic clamping pogwiritsa ntchito valavu yake yowongolera kuti mutseke MUT axially. Pomaliza, tetezani zolumikizira za MUT flange pamapaipi opangira mapaipi pogwiritsa ntchito mabawuti ofananira, kuwonetsetsa kuti zisindikizo zopanda kudontha. Izi zimamaliza kukhazikitsa kwa MUT. Sinthani njira yochotsera (Zindikirani: Musanachotse, tsegulani valavu yokhetsera mapaipi kuti muchepetse ndi kukhetsa; chotsani MUT pokhapokha sing'anga yatsitsidwa).
2.5.4Yambitsani mpope wolingana ndi kuchuluka kwamayendedwe (VFD yoyendetsedwa; sinthani pafupipafupi pampu / liwiro pakuzungulira kuti mubweretse kuyenderera kwa mapaipi mkati mwazowoneka). Tsegulani pang'onopang'ono mavavu a mapaipi osankhidwa. Yang'anirani kuyenda kudzera mu valavu yowongolera mpaka kuyenda kokhazikika pamalo oyeserera kukwaniritsidwa. Panthawi imeneyi, ma valve otsegulira, zoyezera chidebe zoyezera, ndi ma valve obwerera ali pamalo okhetsa. Nthawi yomweyo, fufuzani ngati zida zikuyenda bwino. Ngati ndi zachilendo, thetsani mavuto ndi kukonza pamabuku oyenera a zida.
2.5.5Musanasinthire, onaninso ngati zida zonse za kutentha/kukakamiza ndi masikelo zikugwira ntchito. Njira: Zida zisanayambe, fufuzani kuwerengera kwa zida za kutentha kuyenera kukhala kofanana kapena kutseka; kuwerengera kwa zida zokakamiza kumagwirizana kapena kutseka; masamba ayenera kudulidwa ndi kudulidwa zero.
2.5.6Khazikitsani magawo oyeserera pamapulogalamu apulogalamu (onani buku la pulogalamu yamapulogalamu). Yambitsani diverter kuti musinthe mayendedwe kupita kumalo oyesera. Madzi amathira mu chidebe choyezera. Ikafika nthawi yoyeserera, diverter imangosintha. Madzi akakhazikika mumtsuko, sonkhanitsani deta ya sikelo (muyezo wokhazikika). Kompyutayo imangolemba deta, kenako imatsegula valavu kuti itulutse chidebecho.
2.5.7Pambuyo pakukhetsa ndikudontha kwa masekondi osachepera a 30, valavu yokhetsa imatseka yokha, ndipo diverter imasintha yokha, kuyambira kuthamanga kwachiwiri kwa mayesowo. Bwerezani ntchitoyi mpaka nambala yofunikira yothamanga pamfundoyo itatha. Pitirizani pang'onopang'ono kuti mutsirize zotuluka zonse.
2.5.8Pambuyo pa calibration, zimitsani mapampu, mavavu oyenera, VFD sitata kabati, mpweya kompresa, kabati mphamvu, control cabinet, ndi IPC motsatizana.
2.5.9Operation Flow Chart
2.6 Kuyeza ndi Kuwongolera Pakompyuta
2.6.1System Ntchito
Dongosolo loyezera ndi kuwongolera limagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta ngati gawo lapakati pakukonza deta. Kuphatikiza ma hardware ndi mapulogalamu, imangodzipeza ndikuyendetsa deta yoyezera (kutentha, ma transmitters, kuthamanga kwa mita, kuthamanga kwa MUT, masikelo); amawongolera okha mapampu, ma valve otseka, ma valve owongolera, ma VFD, ndi zida zoyezera zida (diverter, drain valve); imawongolera kuthamanga, kutentha, ndi kutuluka; kusintha ndondomeko; ndi zowonetsera, masitolo, ndi kusindikiza zotsatira za calibration, kutsiriza ndondomeko yotsimikizira ma metrological.
2.6.2Kusintha kwa Hardware System
2.6.2.1 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) & Peripherals
PLC imagwira ntchito ngati wowongolera wapansi. Ntchito zikuphatikizapo:
* Njira yoyendetsera ma siginoloji, kupeza, kutembenuka kukhala magawo a IPC (<1ms sampling nthawi).
* Kuwongolera kwazinthu zokha, kuwongolera ma calibration.
* Kulumikizana kwa intaneti.
Amagwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa Nokia PLC, ma module a I / O, ma module owerengera. Adayikidwa mu kabati yodzipatulira yogwirizana ndi IEC60439, GB4942, GB50062-92. Zokhala ndi masiwichi olumikizirana ndi ma alarm.
nduna imakhalanso ndi zotumphukira (zosinthira, ma fuse, ma relay, zolumikizira) pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yapakhomo.
2.6.2.2Calibration Reference Timer
Wopangidwa m'nyumba, amawonetsa nthawi / kuwerengera pamawonekedwe akulu apakompyuta. Kusatsimikizika kwanthawi zonse *U*=3×10⁻⁶ (*k*=2); kusamvana kochepa ≤0.001s. Mawonekedwe osinthika amasungidwa ndi zotuluka ziwiri zosinthira nthawi yapaintaneti pogwiritsa ntchito ma frequency.
Zokonda zaukadaulo:
| Ayi. | Kanthu | Parameter | Zindikirani |
| 1 | Crystal Oscillator 8h Kukhazikika | ≤1×10⁻⁶ |
|
| 2 | Nthawi zambiri. Njira. Kusatsimikizika Kowonjezeka | U=3×10⁻⁶ (*k*=2) |
|
| 3 | Timer Minimum Resolution | 0.001s |
|
2.6.2.3Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) & Control System
Imagwiritsa ntchito makina a VFD kuwongolera liwiro la mpope pakuwongolera kayendedwe. Ma VFD ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu, zomwe zimayikidwa m'makabati oyambira a VFD pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a GGD, kutsatira IEC60439, GB4942, GB50062-92.
Dongosolo la VFD lili ndi ntchito zakumalo / zadzidzidzi. Kuyamba / kuyimitsa kokhazikika kumatha kukhala pamanja (kwanu) kapena chowongolera pakompyuta.
2.6.2.4Central Control Unit
Advantech brand Industrial PC (IPC). Kusintha kwakukulu:
| Ayi. | Kukonzekera kwa Hardware | Parameter | Zindikirani |
| 1 | Bokosi la amayi | Advantech |
|
| 2 | CPU | I5 |
|
| 3 | Memory | 8G |
|
| 4 | Hard Disk | 1TB + 120G SSD |
|
| 5 | Woyang'anira | 24" LCD Mtundu |
|
IPC ndiye maziko. Pogwiritsa ntchito "Flow Measurement and Control Software", imalandira deta kuchokera ku PLC, imayang'anira zotuluka m'dongosolo, imayang'anira njira zowonetsera, imayendetsa zochitika, ndondomeko / kuwerengera deta yowerengera, kupereka / masitolo zolemba / malipoti, ndipo amalola funso la mbiri yakale / zosunga zobwezeretsera.
IPC monitor, mbewa, ndi kiyibodi zimagwira ntchito ngati mawonekedwe a makina amunthu (HMI).
2.6.2.5Linanena bungwe Chipangizo
Printer imodzi ya laser A4.
2.6.3Pulogalamu yamapulogalamu
Zili ndi "Flow Measurement and Control Software", "Calibration Data Processing Software", "Communication Data Processing Program" yomwe ikuyenda pa IPC; ndi "PLC Control Program" ikuyenda pa PLC.
2.6.3.1Pulogalamu Yantchito Flowchart
2.6.3.2Main Software Operation Screens
2.6.3.3Basic Software Functions
Chiwonetsero cha ndondomeko ndi ntchito: Dynamic process schematic chithunzi chikuwonetsa momwe mayeso amayendera. Imawonetsa ma parameter a engineering munthawi yeniyeni. Ntchito zimagwirizana ndi miyezo ya dziko, malamulo, ndi ndondomeko; kulamulira kolondola ndi kodalirika.
Chiwonetsero cha Status: Imawonetsa magawo a gawo lamapaipi (kutentha, kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kuyenda, ndi zina) ndi mawonekedwe a zida powonera.
Reporting & Historical Data Management: Amapanga masinthidwe, tsiku lililonse, mwezi uliwonse, malipoti apachaka pazofunikira zazikulu ndi zida. Malipoti amatha kusindikiza okha kapena kusindikizidwa pamanja.
Kuwongolera Mauthenga: Imawonetsa zolakwika kudzera pakusintha kwamitundu, ma pop-ups, matebulo. Imakhazikitsa ma alamu ochepetsa malire ndi ma alamu azovuta za zida.
Kuwongolera kwa Wogwiritsa / Chitetezo: Imapereka magawo angapo olowera ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana. Miyezo ya mawu achinsinsi ofunikira poyambira/kuyimitsidwa kwa chipangizo cha m'munda ndikusintha magawo kuti mupewe kusokoneza.
System Management: Imakhazikitsa / imasunga zambiri za ogwiritsa ntchito. Imawongolera ogwiritsa ntchito, mbiri yakale yolowera / yogwira ntchito pamafunso ndi chitetezo.
Sungani & Sungani: Kutha kusunga ndikusunga zoyeserera zoyeserera ndi mafayilo ofananira.
A. Control Ntchito
* Kuwongolera kokha kwa ma calibration.
* Pampu poyambira / kuyimitsa ndi kuwongolera pafupipafupi.
* Kuwongolera ma valve.
* Diverter switching control.
* Kutetezedwa kwa Container.
* Kuwongolera kwamayendedwe: imangowongolera kutsegulidwa kwa ma valve kutengera mayeso oyenda.
B. Ntchito Zopeza Data
* Zizindikiro za analogi zopezedwa kudzera mu ma module a 16-bit olondola kwambiri.
* Kuwongolera ma siginecha oyendetsedwa ndi ma module othamanga kwambiri a Boolean processor (CPU yodziyimira pawokha, kuzungulira <1us) kuti apeze deta yolumikizana.
* Kutentha, kuthamanga kwa data muyeso.
* Muyezo wa data wamayendedwe othamanga mita.
* Muyezo wa data wa MUT (4-20mA, pulse, etc.).
* Mulingo woyezera data.
* Ndemanga za mawonekedwe a valve.
C. Ntchito Zokonza Data
* Imakonza zidziwitso za ma calibration ndi zotsatira za oweruza pamiyezo yadziko, malamulo.
* Imalola masinthidwe am'magulu a ma coefficients amtundu wa mita yoyenda nthawi yomweyo.
* Kusintha kosinthika kwa malo oyeserera, kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga, nthawi zothamanga (zokha pamiyezo kapena kutanthauzira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito).
* Imasunga zolemba zoyeserera mu nkhokwe kuti mupeze mafunso, kusindikiza, kusintha, kufufuta pakufunika.
* Imapanga zokha malipoti a data ndikuwongolera deta.
D. Ntchito Zowonetsera
Chiwonetsero cha zojambulajambula pakuwunika zida zenizeni zenizeni. Imatsanzira ma valve akumunda, kutsegulira kwa ma valve, mawonekedwe a chizindikiro cha MUT, mawonekedwe oyenda, kutentha, diverter direction, drain valve state, VFD frequency, etc.
E. Ntchito Zochita
Mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito okhala ndi zojambulajambula. Control field actuators by mouse click, intuitive and convenient.
F. Wizard Ntchito
Mawonekedwe a Wizard amawongolera ogwiritsa ntchito njira yonse yosinthira. Khazikitsani magawo ofunikira/MUT zambiri pazakudya. Zochita zosavuta zimamaliza kukonza mukakhazikitsa. Kuwongolera kosavuta, kofulumira; zosavuta kuphunzira.
2.6.3.4Kukwaniritsa Mwachindunji Ntchito Zofunikira
A. MUT Kusamalira
Dongosolo limatha kupereka magetsi a MUT. Zizindikiro za MUT zimawerengedwa ndi ma module a PLC omwe amawerengera okha kutuluka kwachulukidwe. Kusintha kwa misa / voliyumu, kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kuwerenga, kuwongolera kutentha / kukakamiza, kukonza zofunikira, ndi malipoti amangoyendetsedwa ndi pulogalamu ya IPC.
Monga tawonera pansipa, mawonekedwe apulogalamu amafunikira kuyika pamanja kwa magawo a MUT (mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa siginecha kudzera pa menyu yotsitsa: ma analogi apano, kugunda, osatulutsa). Pambuyo posankha, dongosololi limayendetsa chizindikirocho ku njira yoyenera.
B. Kusamalira Meta Mwanzeru
Master mita mphamvu yoperekedwa ndi dongosolo. Deta yopezedwa kudzera mu kuwerenga kwamphamvu. Mapulogalamu amazindikiritsa payipi yoyezera kuti isankhe mita yoyenerera. Pakuwongolera, PLC imangodziunjikira ma pulse kuti iwonetsetse cholakwika chopezeka ≤ ± 1 kugunda. Master mita amatha kudziyesa okha pa intaneti nthawi ndi nthawi pogwiritsa ntchito sikelo yamagetsi.
C. Kutentha & Kupeza Kupanikizika
Ma temp/transmitters onse oyendetsedwa ndi system. Mkulu kutembenuka mwatsatanetsatane chofunika zokonza. Imagwiritsa ntchito ma module a 16-bit A/D olondola kwambiri, kuthamanga, kusefa kwa digito, ndi kubwezera.
D. Tsekani Vavu & Diverter Control
Mphamvu imaperekedwanso ndi dongosolo. Itha kuwongoleredwa ndikudina zithunzi / mabatani azithunzi kapena zokha pamayendedwe oyenda. Diverter imasintha yokha panthawi ya calibration; odzipereka owerengera amalemba kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi yoyenda.
E. Kuwongolera Vavu
Kuwongolera kwapano koperekedwa ndi module ya D/A. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuwongolera mafunde. Ndi kuthamanga kokhazikika kumtunda, kutsegulira kwa valve kumakhala kozungulira; kuwongolera kumakwaniritsa zofunikira zoyeserera.
F. Scale Data Acquisition
Mphamvu ya AC220V yoperekedwa ndi dongosolo. Deta yopezedwa kudzera pa kulumikizana kwa RS485. Mapulogalamu amatha kusankha okha masikelo oyenerera kutengera nthawi yoyendera/kasinthidwe, kapena wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusankha pawokha mawonekedwe.
G. Diverter Test Template
Imathandizira kusinthasintha kwa nthawi mkati mwa chinsalu ichi, ndikupanga deta yogwirizana ndi malamulo. Deta ikhoza kutumizidwa kunja ndikusungidwa mu database.
H. Stability Test Template
Imathandizira kusasunthika kwakuyenda mkati mwa sikiriniyi, kutulutsa zokha zomwe zikugwirizana. Deta ikhoza kutumizidwa kunja ndikusungidwa.
2.6.3.5Control Program Development Software
Mapulogalamu owongolera apamwamba (IPC) opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu osinthira. Pulogalamu yoyang'anira yotsika (PLC) yophatikizidwa mkati mwa pulogalamu yosinthira. Amapereka HMI, makanema ojambula pamawonekedwe adongosolo, kuwongolera mwachilengedwe. Imakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino a hardware ndi ntchito zamphamvu. Yopangidwa mwachangu, yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mawonekedwe ochezeka.
Pulogalamu yosinthira deta yopangidwa ndi Microsoft Office Excel VBA control code. Microsoft SQL Server database imasunga data ya calibration. Dongosolo la lipoti lochokera ku Excel limapanga malipoti ndikuwongolera deta.
Kuwonetsa zenizeni zenizeni, kukonza zokha, kumasunga zotsatira ndi data yaiwisi kuti zitsimikizidwe pamanja kuti zitsimikizire zolondola. Imasunga ma rekodi mu nkhokwe ya mafunso, kusindikiza, kusintha, kufufuta.
Pulogalamu yolumikizirana ndi data idapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito VB 6.0 SP6 polumikizana ndi masikelo ndi zida zina.
Kusintha kwa Mapulogalamu & Kukonza: Zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zosungidwa bwino. Amapereka kukweza kwa moyo wonse kuti agwirizane ndi kusintha kwa miyezo / malamulo kapena zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.
2.7 Njira Zosamalira
2.7.1Kukonza Mapampu Ofunika
2.7.1.1Tsatirani mosamalitsa njira zoyendetsera pampu poyambira, kuthamanga, kuyimitsa. Sungani zolemba zogwirira ntchito.
2.7.1.2Yang'anani mafuta pamalo opaka mafuta pakusintha malinga ndi zomwe mukufuna. Kukhazikitsa.
2.7.1.3Yang'anani kutentha kwapakati: ≤ kutentha kozungulira + 35 ° C; kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwa wodzigudubuza ≤75°C; Kutentha kwakukulu kwa manja ndi ≤70°C. Yang'anani kutentha kwa injini pakusintha kulikonse.
2.7.1.4Nthawi zonse fufuzani kutayikira kwa shaft chisindikizo: Kuyika chisindikizo ~ 10 madontho / min; Kusindikiza kwamakina: kutayikira kwa ziro.
2.7.1.5Yang'anani kuthamanga kwa pampu, mphamvu yamagetsi (yabwinobwino / yokhazikika) panthawi yogwira ntchito. Mvetserani phokoso / zolakwika. Yankhani mavuto mwachangu.
2.7.2Control System Maintenance
2.7.2.1Nthawi zonse yeretsani fumbi lochokera ku kabati yowongolera POKHALA mphamvu ikatha.
2.7.2.2OSAGWIRITSA NTCHITO kompyuta pa intaneti kapena mapulogalamu osagwirizana. Nthawi zonse yendetsani ma virus ndikusintha mapulogalamu a antivayirasi.
2.7.2.3Ngati mukukhazikitsanso OS, BACK UP sankhani deta kaye kuti mupewe kutayika.
2.7.2.4Onetsetsani kuti pali magetsi okhazikika komanso mawaya omveka bwino pamakina owongolera.
2.7.3Kukonzekera kwa Pneumatic Clamping Chipangizo
2.7.3.1Mukamagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali, thirani chubu chowonjezera ndi mafuta a injini.
2.7.3.2Mukamagwira ntchito papaipi imodzi, KHALANI mavavu operekera mpweya ku mapaipi ena kuti zingwe zina zisakhale zolemetsa, zomwe zimakhudza nthawi ya moyo.
2.7.3.3Musanayambe ntchito, yang'anani mizere ya mpweya kuti itseke, kutayikira. Nthawi zonse kukhetsa madzi anasonkhana mizere.
2.7.4Kusamalira Tanki Yamadzi
Sungani thanki nthawi zonse, sinthani madzi kuti mupewe zinyalala zowononga mapampu. Chitani mankhwala amkati oletsa dzimbiri / dzimbiri pachaka kapena motengera mtundu wamadzi.
2.7.5Air Eliminator/Kukonza Zosefera
Zofunikira pakuchotsa mpweya ndi kusefa. Chotsani zosefera zamkati pafupipafupi: Chotsani mabawuti akumtunda, tsegulani flange, chotsani zosefera, zinyalala zoyeretsa pazenera, m'malo, phatikizaninso flange.
2.7.6Chipinda Choyang'anira & Kukonza Chipinda cha Pampu
2.7.6.1Onetsetsani kuti kutentha / chinyezi chikukwaniritsa zofunikira. Khalani owuma ndi aukhondo.
2.7.6.2Pewani kuchulukana kwa madzi mu chipinda chopopera. Sambani nthawi zonse.
2.7.6.3NTHAWI ZONSE ZIMA mphamvu yayikulu musanayeretse, kuyeretsa, kapena kuyang'ana kuti musavulale kapena kugwedezeka ndi magetsi.
Chidziwitso: Khalani ndi zida zothandizira paokha pamipukutu yawo.
2.8 Njira Zoyendetsera Chitetezo
2.8.1Limbikitsani kuzindikira zachitetezo. Kuzindikira kowonjezereka kumachepetsa ngozi. Kulimbikitsa kuzindikira, kuzindikira zoopsa, kudziwa ndi kukhazikitsa njira zotetezera ndi njira zokhazo zothetsera ngozi.
2.8.2OSATYUKA malamulo. Kuphwanya kumatsogolera ngozi; ngozi chifukwa cha kuphwanya malamulo. Kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuthamanga, kapena kuyesetsa kungayambitse tsoka. Kuphwanya kuyenera kuthetsedwa.
2.8.3Kukwaniritsadi "Zopweteka Zitatu": Osadzivulaza; Osavulaza ena; Osakhumudwitsidwa ndi ena. Izi ndizofunikira pakuwongolera chitetezo.
2.8.4Tsatirani mosamalitsa malamulo onse apatsamba. Onetsetsani kuti zowopsa zonse zachitetezo zili ndi anthu omwe ali ndi udindo.
2.8.5Othandizira AYENERA kuphunzitsidwa asanagwire ntchito. Ayenera kuwerenga mozama ndikumvetsetsa malamulo otsimikizira dziko lonse, mafotokozedwe a ma calibration, ndi zolemba zisadatsimikizidwe kuti zikugwira ntchito.
2.8.6Calibration sing'anga ndi madzi oyera. Bwezerani madzi molingana ndi turbidity kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa pampu ndi mita zomwe zimayambitsa ngozi.
2.8.7Chotengera chokhazikika ndi chotengera chokakamiza. OSATI kugunda kapena kusintha. Sungani antchito AWAY panthawi yogwira ntchito.
2.8.8Mukayika / kuchotsa MUT, ikani mokhazikika. OSAlowetsa zala mu zolumikizira kapena zomverera zomangira mabowo. Gwirani ma spacers m'mbali poyika / kuchotsa.
2.8.9Mukatha kukhazikitsa/kutumiza, MUSAGANIZIRE mwachinsinsi kuti mupewe kuwononga zinthu.
2.8.10OSATI m'malo mwa makina apakompyuta mosasamala. MUSAMAgwiritse ntchito intaneti kapena mapulogalamu osagwirizana. Yang'anani pafupipafupi ma virus ndikusintha antivayirasi.
2.8.11OSATI plug yotentha/kudula cholumikizira chilichonse kapena pulagi.
2.8.12MUSAFUTE mafayilo osunga zobwezeretsera makina ogwiritsira ntchito.
2.8.13Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa, yang'anani nthawi zonse makina olowera ndi ma valve otetezedwa kuti mupewe mpweya wotsekeka womwe umayambitsa kupanikizika kwambiri m'matangi/mizere.
2.8.14Loza mphuno za mpweya kumadera opanda anthu, pansi, kapena kumwamba. MUSAMALOZE zida, antchito, njira, kapena polowera.
2.8.15NTHAWI ZONSE ZIMA mphamvu yayikulu musanayeretse, kuyeretsa, kapena kuyang'ana. Imaletsa kusungunuka kwa zinthu, kugwedezeka kwamagetsi, ndi kuvulala.
2.8.16Asananyamuke tsiku ndi tsiku, ogwira ntchito AYENERA kuyang'ana kuti zitseko/mazenera ndi magetsi ZIMZIMA, kuonetsetsa kuti malo ali otetezeka.
2.9 Ntchito ndi Kukonza nduna za Frequency Converter
2.9.1Kagwiritsidwe: Yang'anani koyamba kabati kuti mumve mawu / fungo lachilendo. Ngati zili bwino, YANtsani switch switch (Mphamvu ON). Kuwala kwa batani lobiriwira (Mphamvu ON) pa kabati kumawunikira, fani imayamba, mabatani ofiira amayatsidwanso. Tsopano pompa poyambira/kuyimitsa akhoza kuwongoleredwa kudzera pa kompyuta. Voltmeter ikuwonetsa ~ 380V, ammeter ikuwonetsa ntchito yamakono.
2.9.2Pampu Yoyambira: Iyenera kuyamba mu VFD mode. Gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe apakompyuta kuti musinthe zotulutsa za VFD kuti musinthe liwiro lagalimoto.
2.9.3OSAKHALA mwachindunji mafupipafupi a VFD kuti achuluke panthawi yogwira ntchito. Inrush current ndiyokwera kwambiri, zida zomwe zitha kuwononga.
2.9.4Kuyimitsa: Choyamba kuyimitsa ma mota onse kudzera pa kompyuta. Kenako dinani batani lofiira (M'MBUYO YOZIMITSA) pa kabati mpaka magetsi onse ofiira AMAZIMITSA. Pomaliza, ZIMmitsa mpeni waukulu wamagetsi.
2.9.5Zosankha zamanja/zosankha zamagalimoto ndi magulu a batani la VFD/mizere pafupipafupi/oyimitsa pa kabati SIZAKUKONZEDWA kuti zisamayende bwino. Ndiokonza zida ndi kukonza zolakwika pampope POKHA.
Ngati kukonza zolakwika kumafuna kusintha masinthidwe a VFD (kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe owongolera), onani buku la VFD.
2.9.6Kabati yamagetsi ndi ma mota opopera ZIYENERA kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi ndi akatswiri. Tsatirani njira zowunika nthawi ndi nthawi pazinthu zamagetsi. Bwezerani mbali zowonongeka mwamsanga. Onetsetsani kuti ntchito yabwino. Othandizira AYENERA kutsatira ndondomeko. Onetsetsani chitetezo chanu!
2.10 Buku Lokonza Zida
Bukuli limafotokoza za kakonzedwe ka malowa, zomwe zili, kasamalidwe, ndi kuthetsa mavuto. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chofotokozera kwa ogwira ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito yosamalira. Zochokera ndi:
(1) Zipangizo zotsagana ndi mabuku;
(2) Malamulo oyendetsera kuyeza koyenda ndi mafotokozedwe;
(3) Kukonza makina ndi ndondomeko zamakono mabuku ofotokoza.
2.10.1Kusamalira Cycle
Itha kusinthidwa kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri komanso momwe zida ziliri.
Table Cycle Table:
| Katundu Wokonza | Mtundu Wokonza | Kukonza Kwakung'ono | Kukonza Kwakukulu |
| Pampu ya Centrifugal | Kuzungulira | 8-12 miyezi | Miyezi 12-24 |
| Air Compressor | Kuzungulira | ||
| Zida Zopangira | Kuzungulira | ||
| Control System | Kuzungulira |
2.10.2Kukonza & Kukonza Zokhutira
2.10.2.1Pampu ya Centrifugal
A. Kuthetsa Mavuto & Kukonza
| Vuto | Chifukwa Chotheka | Chithandizo |
| Pompo sikuyamba | Kulumikizana kwasokonekera | Yang'anani mawaya, kuwongolera ngati kuli kofunikira |
| Fuse yowombedwa | Bwezerani fusesi | |
| Chitetezo chamoto chachepa | Yang'anani makonda achitetezo, chotsani ngati cholakwika | |
| Chitetezo chagalimoto osasintha, kuwongolera zolakwika | Yang'anirani chitetezo chagalimoto, konzani ngati cholakwika | |
| Galimoto siyiyamba/movuta | Voltage / freq ndizochepa kwambiri | Sinthani mphamvu zamagetsi, fufuzani chingwe chodutsa |
| Kuzungulira kolakwika | Vuto lolumikizana ndigalimoto | Sinthani magawo awiri |
| Kutayika kwakukulu kwa liwiro pansi pa katundu | Zochulukira | Yezerani mphamvu, gwiritsani ntchito mota yayikulu kapena kuchepetsa katundu ngati kuli kofunikira |
| Kutsika kwa Voltage | Wonjezerani chingwe chopingasa | |
| Motor hums, mkulu wamakono | Kuwonongeka kozungulira | Tumizani galimoto kuti ikonzedwe ndi akatswiri |
| Kusisita kwa rotor | ||
| Fuse imawomba nthawi yomweyo / Maulendo a Prot | Dera lalifupi | Njira yayifupi yolondola |
| Motor short circuit | Tumizani galimoto kuti ikonzedwe ndi akatswiri | |
| Vuto la waya | Dera lolondola | |
| Kuwonongeka kwa injini | Tumizani galimoto kuti ikonzedwe ndi akatswiri | |
| Moto wotenthedwa (kuyezedwa) | Zochulukira | Yezerani mphamvu, gwiritsani ntchito mota yayikulu kapena kuchepetsa katundu ngati kuli kofunikira |
| Kusazizira bwino | Limbikitsani mpweya wozizirira, mpweya woyeretsera, onjezani chowotcha chokakamiza ngati pakufunika | |
| Kutentha kwakukulu kozungulira | Khalani m'malo ovomerezeka | |
| Kulumikizana kotayirira (kutayika kwa gawo) | Kulumikizana kosakwanira bwino | |
| Fuse yowombedwa | Pezani/olondola chifukwa (onani pamwambapa), sinthani fusesi |
B. Kukonza Zida: Zofanana ndi Gawo2.7.1
2.10.2.3Zida Zopangira (Ma clamp, Diverter, Valves)
A. Kuthetsa Mavuto & Kukonza
| Vuto | Chifukwa Chotheka | Chithandizo | |
| Gwirani mwamphamvu kuti muyambe | Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wochepa | Yang'anani kutayikira, sinthani chowongolera/lubricator | |
| Mphamvu yosakwanira yoletsa | |||
| Malo okwera osakhazikika | Vavu yamanja sikugwira ntchito mokwanira | ||
| Kusapaka bwino kwa chubu | Onjezani mafuta kudzera pa cylinder air inlet | ||
| Silinda yawonongeka | Chongani & sinthani | ||
| Liwiro la clamp mwachangu kwambiri/pang'onopang'ono | Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wochepa | Sinthani valavu ya inlet throttle | |
| Kuthamanga kwa mpweya | Sinthani valavu ya inlet throttle | ||
| Silinda yawonongeka | Chongani & sinthani | ||
| Diverter zovuta kuyamba | Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wochepa | Yang'anani kutayikira, sinthani chowongolera/lubricator | |
| Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono | |||
| Kusintha sikunafikidwe | Yang'anani valavu ya solenoid, kukonza | ||
| Kusakwanira kwa mapaipi olowera | Onjezani mafuta kudzera pa cylinder air inlet | ||
| Silinda yawonongeka | Chongani & sinthani | ||
| Diverter nthawi imasiyana mosiyanasiyana | Kusintha kumanzere/kumanja sikufanana | Sinthani madoko a solenoid valve outlet | |
| Chishango chamagetsi sichinakhazikike bwino | Yang'anani ndikusintha momwe chishango chilili | ||
| Vavu yovuta kuyamba | Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wochepa | Yang'anani kutayikira, sinthani chowongolera/lubricator | |
| Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono | |||
| Mpweya wothira wa actuator | Sinthani zisindikizo | |
| Solenoid valve sikugwira ntchito | Chongani & kukonza |
B. Kukonza Zida: Pa Gawo2.7.3 ndi2.8.13.
2.10.2.4Control System
A. Kuthetsa Mavuto & Kukonza
| Vuto | Chifukwa Chotheka | Chithandizo |
| Vuto la Pakompyuta | Kompyuta sikugwira ntchito | Chongani & kukonza |
| Chingwe chotseguka kapena chosalumikizana bwino | Chongani & sinthani chingwe | |
| Malo otsegula kapena osalumikizana bwino | Sinthani malo okwerera | |
| Mapulogalamu adongosolo awonongeka | Ikaninso dongosolo mutatidziwitsa | |
| Palibe Chidziwitso cha Zida | Chida-Control cab kugwirizana otsegula/osauka | Onani ma wiring & fuse Bwezerani ma terminal kapena fuse Bwezerani chotumizira |
| Palibe Temp/Pressure Display | Temp/Pressure Tx-Control cab yotsegula/yosauka | |
| Signal Power Fault | Module yamagetsi kapena chingwe chalakwika | Sinthani gawo kapena chingwe |
| Control Cab Palibe Kuyankha | Control cab port kapena chingwe chawonongeka | Bwezeretsani chotengera cha cab kapena chingwe |
- Kusamalira System:
- Nthawi zonse chitani kuchotsa fumbi nthawi zonse pa kabati yolamulira pokhapokha magetsi atsekedwa.
- Osagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta yazidazi kuti mupeze intaneti kapena kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu aliwonse osagwirizana ndi ntchito; fufuzani ma virus munthawi yake ndikusunga pulogalamu ya antivayirasi kusinthidwa.
- Mukayikanso makinawo, onetsetsani kuti mwasunga deta yokhazikika kuti mupewe kutayika kwa data yotsimikizira.
- Onetsetsani kuti magetsi okhazikika komanso mabwalo osatsekeka a dongosolo lowongolera.
- Yang'anani pafupipafupi mawaya azizindikiro pagawo la I/O la kabati yowongolera. Limbitsani kulumikizana kulikonse kotayirira ndi screwdriver yamutu.
- Onetsetsani nthawi ndi nthawi ngati masiwichi/makona pagawo lowongolera azungulira bwino. Ngati kutsetsereka kumachitika, yang'anani zomangira zotayirira ndikuzilimbitsa; sinthani ngati zawonongeka.
- Chotsani magetsi osasunthika kuchokera ku Earth leakage circuit breaker (ELCB) mwezi uliwonse.
2.10.2.5Kuthamanga & Kuvomereza
A. Kukonzekera Kukonzekera Kwambiri: Tsimikizani kukonza kutsirizidwa, khalidwe, zolemba; malo oyera; zida / zowongolera / zolumikizira zidasinthidwa; mafuta odzaza dongosolo; mpweya wotulutsa mpweya / wothira; magetsi okonzedwa / oyendetsedwa; zida okonzeka.
B. Kuthamanga kwa Mayesero: Mayeso opanda katundu; kutsimikizira mafuta / madzi / mpweya / magetsi / zida machitidwe zachilendo; kuthamanga maola 72 opanda vuto musanavomereze; kuvomereza kosainidwa ndi ogwira nawo ntchito.